Geological cycle is a geological process that occurs continuously and repeatedly.
like water, the earth that we live with today, has undergone a change in shape of the surface from time to time in a very long period of time,
1. Orogenesis (mountain formation)
Orogenesis is a process of mountain formation, which is the result of plate movement because of the influence of endogenous earth force (a force that originated from inside the earth).
There is some disagreement opinion about the causes of the movement of tectonic plates, he among the experts of earth.
One reason is because of the convection currents of the earth.
Due to the convection currents of the earth, causing the earth's plates moving experience.
There are two types of plates on earth, namely: oceanic plate and continental plate. both experienced movement.
Movements of these plates away from each other there (Tensional Forces), collided with each other (compressive Foces), and there are rubbing together (Shearing Forces).
The movement of the plates away from each other with the kind (Tensional Forces), called Divergent.
Funds usually this occurs around mid-ocean ridge (MOR).
Plate movement collided with another type (Compressive Forces), called Convergen. And usually occur in the collision only between the oceanic plate and the continental shelf.
on the type of general convergen, the oceanic plate creep down toward the continental shelf. This is due to differences in mass and size of each plate.
Mass difference is caused by the arrangement of the elements of each plate.
Oceanic plates are composed by elements heavier-Silica magnesium (SiMg). And continental plates composed by elements that are lighter, the silica oxide (SiO).
Formation of mountains occur around this area, because the oceanic plate intrusion, then touch the magma body resulting magma rises to the surface.
Because the pressure magma is very high, resulting in the surrounding surface up.
Forming mountains.
From these mountains is that eventually form a variety of rocks on earth.
As for the movement of the plates rub against each other with the kind of (Shearing Forces) is also called a transform fault.
In this discussion, we will not discuss the details of how the formation of the mountains, the movement of tectonic plates and rocks.
But it would be more emphasis on geological cycle points.
2. Glyptogenesis (Destruction Relief)
glyptogenesis is the process of destruction of the relief that has been established. Unlike orogenesis, glyptogenesis more influenced by force from the outside (Exogenous).
Relief that has been formed, then destroyed by outside force (Exogenous).
One of the external forces (Exogenous) which plays an important role in the process of glyptogenesis is Erosion (water, wind).
The rock-forming of relief, then experienced weathering, resulting fractional / fracture on the rocks
Water / wind through the rock, then went on broken / rock fractures in the rock, which ultimately led to the loss of compactness and the rocks apart and carried away by water / wind.
This incident took place a very long time (millions of years) and occurs continuously.
3. Litogensis (re-establishment of sedimentary rock)
Litogenesis is a process of re-establishment of sedimentary rocks.
as describe in the previous, that the rock loses its cohesiveness then carried by erosion (water, wind) tertransportasi, and then stopped at a depositional environment. And undergo a process of sedimentation.
Sedimentation process is then led to formation of sedimentary rocks from the rock before (Igneous rocks, Sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rock).
While the rocks forming of the earth's relief, if mixed back with magma, where the temperatue of rock formation is lower than the temperature of magma interfere, he would come to soluble and become the new magma.
That cycle is happening on earth geology. And remember that this event takes place continuously and in a very long time (millions of years).
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